python實現(xiàn)數(shù)字華容道

# coding:utf-8 #

"""
#============================================================
作者：@Qss
2021年3月20日起草
2021年3月21日完工
2021年3月23日一次優(yōu)化完成
2021年3月31日完成二次優(yōu)化（關(guān)卡設(shè)計）
二次優(yōu)化待解決漏洞：設(shè)計關(guān)卡后窗口不能自動顯示，需手動切換
2021年4月1日三次優(yōu)化完成，成功解決二次優(yōu)化bug
#============================================================
"""
from random import *    #導(dǎo)入隨機數(shù)模塊
from tkinter import *   #導(dǎo)入圖形化用戶界面模塊
step_number = 0     #設(shè)置步數(shù)的變量，初始值為0
difficulty = int(input('請輸入數(shù)字華容道列數(shù)（3/4/5）：'))
def Button_Click_1(x,y):      #按鈕點擊事件函數(shù)
        """聲明空白按鈕行列號和步數(shù)的變量為全局變量"""
        global row_of_space  
        global col_of_space    
        global step_number
        """判斷判斷點擊按鈕旁是否為空白按鈕，是則交換位置"""
        if abs(x-row_of_space) + abs(y-col_of_space) == 1:  
            step_number += 1    #將步數(shù)賦值
            label_step_number['text'] = '步數(shù):' + str(step_number)  #將步數(shù)變量導(dǎo)入label控件
            """交換按鈕位置"""
            buttons[row_of_space,col_of_space]['text'] = buttons[x,y]['text']
            buttons[x,y]['text']  = ' '  
            row_of_space = x            
            col_of_space = y
            n = 0   
            for row in range(3):
                for col in range(3):
                    """對比所有按鈕序列是否正確，不正確則跳出函數(shù)"""
                    if buttons[row,col]['text'] != numbers[n]:  
                        return
                    n += 1
            """所有按鈕判斷完畢贏得游戲勝利"""
            label_welcomes['text'] = '你贏了'

def Button_Click_2(x,y):      #按鈕點擊事件函數(shù)
        """聲明空白按鈕行列號和步數(shù)的變量為全局變量"""
        global row_of_space  
        global col_of_space    
        global step_number
        """判斷判斷點擊按鈕旁是否為空白按鈕，是則交換位置"""
        if abs(x-row_of_space) + abs(y-col_of_space) == 1:  
            step_number += 1    #將步數(shù)賦值
            label_step_number['text'] = '步數(shù):' + str(step_number)  #將步數(shù)變量導(dǎo)入label控件
            """交換按鈕位置"""
            buttons[row_of_space,col_of_space]['text'] = buttons[x,y]['text']
            buttons[x,y]['text']  = ' '  
            row_of_space = x            
            col_of_space = y
            n = 0   
            for row in range(4):
                for col in range(4):
                    """對比所有按鈕序列是否正確，不正確則跳出函數(shù)"""
                    if buttons[row,col]['text'] != numbers[n]:  
                        return
                    n += 1
            """所有按鈕判斷完畢贏得游戲勝利"""
            label_welcomes['text'] = '你贏了'

def Button_Click_3(x,y):      #按鈕點擊事件函數(shù)
        """聲明空白按鈕行列號和步數(shù)的變量為全局變量"""
        global row_of_space  
        global col_of_space    
        global step_number
        """判斷判斷點擊按鈕旁是否為空白按鈕，是則交換位置"""
        if abs(x-row_of_space) + abs(y-col_of_space) == 1:  
            step_number += 1    #將步數(shù)賦值
            label_step_number['text'] = '步數(shù):' + str(step_number)  #將步數(shù)變量導(dǎo)入label控件
            """交換按鈕位置"""
            buttons[row_of_space,col_of_space]['text'] = buttons[x,y]['text']
            buttons[x,y]['text']  = ' '  
            row_of_space = x            
            col_of_space = y
            n = 0   
            for row in range(5):
                for col in range(5):
                    """對比所有按鈕序列是否正確，不正確則跳出函數(shù)"""
                    if buttons[row,col]['text'] != numbers[n]:  
                        return
                    n += 1
            """所有按鈕判斷完畢贏得游戲勝利"""
            label_welcomes['text'] = '你贏了'

"""創(chuàng)建華容道游戲窗口"""
root = Tk()                      #創(chuàng)建圖形化用戶界面實例
root.title('數(shù)字華容道')         #設(shè)置窗口標(biāo)題
root.geometry("400x400")    #將窗口大小設(shè)為高400寬400
root.configure(bg = 'black') #將窗口背景設(shè)為黑色
root.resizable(width = False,height = False)    #設(shè)置窗口為不可拉伸
"""設(shè)置歡迎語的label控件"""
label_welcomes = Label(root,text = '歡迎來到數(shù)字華容道',bg = 'black',fg = 'red',font = ("Arial",13))    #設(shè)置label控件的屬性
label_welcomes.place(x = 20,y = 10,width = 250,height = 40)  #設(shè)置label控件位置
"""設(shè)置顯示操作方式的label控件"""
label_operation = Label(root,text = '單擊數(shù)字',bg = 'black',fg = 'white',font = ("Arial",10))
label_operation.place(x = 3,y = 40,width = 50,height = 30)
label_operation_2 = Label(root,text = '移動方塊',bg = 'black',fg = 'white',font = ("Arial",10))
label_operation_2.place(x = 3,y = 60,width = 50,height = 30)
"""設(shè)置顯示步數(shù)的label控件"""
label_step_number = Label(root,text = '步數(shù):' + str(step_number),bg = 'black',fg = 'yellow',font = ("Arial",10))
label_step_number.place(x = 3,y = 20,width = 50,height = 30)

if difficulty == 3:
    root.attributes("-topmost", True)
    row_of_space = 0    #存放空白按鈕的行號 
    col_of_space = 0    #存放空白按鈕的列號
    buttons = {}      #存放數(shù)字按鈕的數(shù)組
    numbers = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8',' '] #所有數(shù)字文本的列表 
    shuffle(numbers)     #打亂數(shù)字列表中的數(shù)字順序
    """制造數(shù)字華容道方陣"""
    for row in range(3): 
        for col in range(3):
            """創(chuàng)建數(shù)字按鈕，并將行列號傳入該按鈕的點擊事件函數(shù)"""
            button = Button(root,command = lambda x = row,y = col:Button_Click_1(x,y),bg = 'black',fg = 'green',font = ("Arial",35))
            buttons[row,col] = button   #將按鈕導(dǎo)入數(shù)組
            button['text'] = numbers.pop()    #設(shè)置按鈕上的文本
            button.place(x = 60 + col * 60,y = 60 + row * 60,width = 50,height = 50)    #設(shè)置數(shù)字按鈕大小
            if button['text'] == ' ':        #判斷是否為空白按鈕，如果是，則記錄到空白按鈕行列號變量
                row_of_space = row
                col_of_space = col
    numbers = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8',' ']   #還原數(shù)字列表 
    root.mainloop() #顯示窗口
elif difficulty == 4:
    root.attributes("-topmost", True)
    row_of_space = 0    #存放空白按鈕的行號 
    col_of_space = 0    #存放空白按鈕的列號
    buttons = {}      #存放數(shù)字按鈕的數(shù)組
    numbers = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','10','11','12','13','14','15',' '] #所有數(shù)字文本的列表 
    shuffle(numbers)     #打亂數(shù)字列表中的數(shù)字順序
    """制造數(shù)字華容道方陣"""
    for row in range(4): 
        for col in range(4):
            """創(chuàng)建數(shù)字按鈕，并將行列號傳入該按鈕的點擊事件函數(shù)"""
            button = Button(root,command = lambda x = row,y = col:Button_Click_2(x,y),bg = 'black',fg = 'green',font = ("Arial",35))
            buttons[row,col] = button   #將按鈕導(dǎo)入數(shù)組
            button['text'] = numbers.pop()    #設(shè)置按鈕上的文本
            button.place(x = 60 + col * 60,y = 60 + row * 60,width = 50,height = 50)    #設(shè)置數(shù)字按鈕大小
            if button['text'] == ' ':        #判斷是否為空白按鈕，如果是，則記錄到空白按鈕行列號變量
                row_of_space = row
                col_of_space = col
    numbers = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','10','11','12','13','14','15',' ']   #還原數(shù)字列表 
    root.mainloop() #顯示窗口
elif difficulty == 5:
    root.attributes("-topmost", True)
    row_of_space = 0    #存放空白按鈕的行號 
    col_of_space = 0    #存放空白按鈕的列號
    buttons = {}      #存放數(shù)字按鈕的數(shù)組
    numbers = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','10','11','12','13','14','15','16','17','18','19','20','21','22','23','24',' '] #所有數(shù)字文本的列表 
    shuffle(numbers)     #打亂數(shù)字列表中的數(shù)字順序
    for row in range(5): 
        for col in range(5):
            """創(chuàng)建數(shù)字按鈕，并將行列號傳入該按鈕的點擊事件函數(shù)"""
            button = Button(root,command = lambda x = row,y = col:Button_Click_3(x,y),bg = 'black',fg = 'green',font = ("Arial",35))
            buttons[row,col] = button   #將按鈕導(dǎo)入數(shù)組
            button['text'] = numbers.pop()    #設(shè)置按鈕上的文本
            button.place(x = 60 + col * 60,y = 60 + row * 60,width = 50,height = 50)    #設(shè)置數(shù)字按鈕大小
            if button['text'] == ' ':        #判斷是否為空白按鈕，如果是，則記錄到空白按鈕行列號變量
                row_of_space = row
                col_of_space = col
    numbers = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','10','11','12','13','14','15','16','17','18','19','20','21','22','23','24',' ']   #還原數(shù)字列表 
    root.mainloop() #顯示窗口
else:
    print('未完成此類關(guān)卡')

def Button_Click_1(x,y):      #按鈕點擊事件函數(shù)
        """聲明空白按鈕行列號和步數(shù)的變量為全局變量"""
        global row_of_space  
        global col_of_space    
        global step_number
        """判斷判斷點擊按鈕旁是否為空白按鈕，是則交換位置"""
        if abs(x-row_of_space) + abs(y-col_of_space) == 1:  
            step_number += 1    #將步數(shù)賦值
            label_step_number['text'] = '步數(shù):' + str(step_number)  #將步數(shù)變量導(dǎo)入label控件
            """交換按鈕位置"""
            buttons[row_of_space,col_of_space]['text'] = buttons[x,y]['text']
            buttons[x,y]['text']  = ' '  
            row_of_space = x            
            col_of_space = y
            n = 0   
            for row in range(3):
                for col in range(3):
                    """對比所有按鈕序列是否正確，不正確則跳出函數(shù)"""
                    if buttons[row,col]['text'] != numbers[n]:  
                        return
                    n += 1
            """所有按鈕判斷完畢贏得游戲勝利"""
            label_welcomes['text'] = '你贏了'

"""創(chuàng)建華容道游戲窗口"""
root = Tk()                      #創(chuàng)建圖形化用戶界面實例
root.title('數(shù)字華容道')         #設(shè)置窗口標(biāo)題
root.geometry("400x400")    #將窗口大小設(shè)為高300寬300
root.configure(bg = 'black') #將窗口背景設(shè)為黑色
root.resizable(width = False,height = False)    #設(shè)置窗口為不可拉伸
"""設(shè)置歡迎語的label控件"""
label_welcomes = Label(root,text = '歡迎來到數(shù)字華容道',bg = 'black',fg = 'red',font = ("Arial",13))    #設(shè)置label控件的屬性
label_welcomes.place(x = 20,y = 10,width = 250,height = 40)  #設(shè)置label控件位置
"""設(shè)置顯示操作方式的label控件"""
label_operation = Label(root,text = '單擊數(shù)字',bg = 'black',fg = 'white',font = ("Arial",10))
label_operation.place(x = 3,y = 40,width = 50,height = 30)
label_operation_2 = Label(root,text = '移動方塊',bg = 'black',fg = 'white',font = ("Arial",10))
label_operation_2.place(x = 3,y = 60,width = 50,height = 30)
"""設(shè)置顯示步數(shù)的label控件"""
label_step_number = Label(root,text = '步數(shù):' + str(step_number),bg = 'black',fg = 'yellow',font = ("Arial",10))
label_step_number.place(x = 3,y = 20,width = 50,height = 30)